Saturday, June 14, 2014

Some Cellular activity in neoplasms

"The researchers also found that the human genome is peppered with more than 1,200 large regions that are consistently devoid of DNA methylation throughout development. It turns out that many of the genes considered master regulators of development are located in these regions, which the researchers call DNA methylation valleys (DMVs). Further, the team found that the DMVs are abnormally methylated in colon cancer cells. While it has long been known that aberrant DNA methylation plays an important role in various cancers, these results suggest that changes to the cell's DNA methylation machinery itself may be a major step in the evolution of tumors."
From "Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research"

Although this statement states the importance of Methylation of genes in Colon Cancer, none of the histone deacetylators or epigenetic acting medication such as medications such as etoposide are not actively used in Colon cancer. It is also fair to assume that current medications used must have an impact of the cells in this disease despite the fact that we don't deliberately follow relevant biomarker to quantify these effects.  Indeed doing so could lead us to sharpen our use of medicines...
Despite their complexity, epigenetic phenomena are critical in immune defense, cell orientation determination, and here in neoplastic transformation.   Differentiation is somewhat relatively shut down and contribute to cellular return to multiplication involved in cancer.  Some suspect this is due to methylation of differention and gene stopping division (CDKs and ROS modulators to say the least).  New cell orientation is further re-enforced by cellular committment to new mission by 14-3-3 and the consensus NOTCH gene.  Other epigenic facts will precipitate this through Cytokine like factor, the rise in importance of Cyclin B1 should be noted here for lung cancer.

Another way of orienting cellular processes
is the creation or production of transcription factors...indeed the production of certain TF may lead to a shutdown of other line of protein affecting the cell  as well as production of some cell effectors re-orienting the cell....

Change in micro-environment may create new set of circumstances that  favor one cellular orientation or production vs another and could be used as a means of pushing the cell toward a direction Vs another....(Clathrin or no Clathrin) " it performs critical roles in shaping rounded vesicles in the cytoplasm for intracellular trafficking. Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) selectively sort cargo at the cell membrane, trans-Golgi network, and endosomal compartments for multiple membrane traffic pathways." wikipedia

formation of these essential structure would be impossible without Clathrin....

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