What is really going on in the tissue is that there is a relative Hypoxia in the tissue. These Hypoxic conditions are exacerbated in Obese individual because of coexisting sleep apnea. During sleep Apnea, the body goes into an hypoxic mode because of the frequent Apnea. At cellular level Hypoxia has to be dealt with rapidly because the cell use insufficiently Glucose for the generation of ATP the molecular energy. So Glucose influs is needed to maintain cell life without building up Acids. There is cellular response to hypoxia which 2 folds
1. Rapid transcription factor response which leads to increase of GLUT1 the amount of receptors for Glucose. The cell needs sugar more because it can only produce 3-4 ATP instead of all it can using the Mitochondrial Kreb cycle. Receptors to Glucose increase sharply, weakening in fact the cell because we now know that Viruses (HTLV1) use the same Receptors to penetrate the cell! Making GLUT1 a legitimate target during HTLV1 infection. (watch for Hypertrophy here as cell lose polarity) (WATCH WHAT TGF IS DOING BY NOW WITH THIS RECEPTOR! STRESS WILL START HSP90)
2. Exacerbation of Activity the Hypoxic Intrinsic Factor (HIF1). With a name like this, when else can it acts. Of course in Hpoxic condition. There is a global perception that Oxygen is needed pronto so this HIF has to do some thing to that effect. Oxygen has to come from blood, so it figure we have to do something to the blood vessel. HIF goes to the promoter of VEGF and activates it leading to smooth muscle of blood vessel effect (contributing to Diabetic Retinopathy treated by Avastin)).
Watching all these activities is a big monster in the room called VHL which is linked to VEGF through its interaction with AUF1, and Ubiquitilation of HIF1 is not far away. (If you speak VHL, Renal cancer is ready to start! and the worse kind called "clear cell")
In the global Acidic conditions imposed by Hypoxia followed by ineffective Glycolysis, free radical ensues ready to cause potentially cancer...taking Anti-Oxidants is good to dampen the free Radicals and danger of DNA Adducts production. But remember Anti-Oxidants activities must occur in safe presence of Iron. Women with Iron deficiency because of menses could go "viral" here we surmise and develop a weird lung cancer EGFR positive because of the EGFR and VEGF "cross talk".
Again at cellular level, what start with lack of Oxygen can go "viral" and "neoplastic" on you lightening fast...particularly if it (hypoxia that is) comes to be every time you sleep or dose off!
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