Thursday, February 14, 2013

GENES INVOLVED IN PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

Many chemotherapy and target therapy drugs leave behind devastating peripheral neuropthy.  Most prominently mentioned are Cisplatin, Vincristine, Navelbine Taxanes, Thalidomid, Velcade, Revlimid to name a few.  The level and extent of the induced Neuropathy varies with the specific drug.
We try to look into the genetic abormalities that underly some of the common peripheral neuropathies to see if a common thread may be picked up to explain the many variation in presentation, and whether there would be a way to predict who is the most susceptible patient given a known drug.

A preliminary review revealed the followng genes for further observation:

1. PMP22:     (Peripheral Myelin Protein 22) located on chromosome 17, this gene and related  in an essential component Myelin the covering sheath of the neuronal axon.  Parallel to Histone covering the gene, Myelin is not only there to cover the Axon.  It participate in its development, growth and function.  It helps maximize the neuronal function by increasing the efficient of the motor and sensory traffic.    Death of the neuron follows generally Myelin degeneration particularly in trauma.
Disease results generally from Mutation in the genes but also from alterations in the many regulators of this genes (which include P53, AP-1, and Sox 9 and 10, Luciferase and ERG-2).  Frame shift Mutyation leads to many clinical Syndromes which have been well Characterized.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. MPZ: this is the major component (in number) of the Myelin sheet, these proteins make a glue like substance that link the Neuron to Schwann cells, has a transmembrane  formation allowing easy transfer of signals, and in effect maximizing axonal transduction.   Myelin Protein Zero is linked to PMP22.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.GjB-1
4. NEFL
5. GAN
6, dynactin GENE
7. LITAF/SIMPLE
8. RAB-7
9. MFN-2
10. GDAP-1
11.EGF-2
12.GARS
13.MTMR
14.CMT4B2
15.KIA-A1985
16.NDRG-1
17.PRX  Gene maker of Periaxin, a protein protecting and maintening Myelin
-------------------------------------------------
18.DCTN-1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
19.SPTLC-1 : ENCODE FOR SILENCING ENZYME OF LIPID HOMEOSTATSIS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20.IKBKAP
IKBKAP (inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase complex-associated protein) is a human gene that provides instructions to make the IKAP protein, which is found in a variety of cells throughout the body, including brain cells. Although the exact function of the IKAP protein is not clearly understood, it probably plays a role in transcription, which is the process of making a blueprint of a gene for protein production. Researchers have identified the IKAP protein as part of a six-protein complex (called the holo-elongator complex) that interacts with enzymes necessary for transcription. The IKAP protein probably performs other functions in the cell as well, such as responding to stress. Its homolog in fly (D-elp1) has RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity and is involved in RNA interference.[1]
The IKBKAP gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 9 at position 31,wikipedia:  

REMEMBER MUTATION HERE CAUSED FAMILIAL DYSAUTONOMIA, A MOVEMENT DISORDER.  THIS PARTICIPATE IN THE CYTOSKELETON!
------------------------------------------------------------------------
21.NTRK-1  :  In Neuroblastoma, The Neurotropic Tyrosine Kinase Receptor 1 is good for you
                          Receptor 2 is the "bad Guy".  There are other NTKR of undefined implications
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ASCORBIC ACID
ANTI-PROGETERONE
INJECTIONS OF NEUROTROPHIN 3.



No comments: